【tell的用法和固定搭配】“Tell”是一个常见的英语动词,意思为“告诉、讲述、辨别”。它在日常英语中使用频率很高,但其用法和固定搭配也较为多样。为了帮助大家更好地掌握“tell”的用法,本文将从基本用法、常见搭配以及易混淆点等方面进行总结。
一、基本用法
1. tell + 某人 + 某事
表示“告诉某人某事”,是“tell”的最基本结构。
- 例句:She told me a secret.(她告诉我一个秘密。)
- 例句:He told us the truth.(他告诉了我们真相。)
2. tell + 某人 + that + 句子
表示“告诉某人……”。
- 例句:They told me that they were leaving.(他们告诉我他们要离开了。)
3. tell about + 某事/某人
表示“讲述关于……的事情”。
- 例句:He told me about his trip to Japan.(他给我讲了他去日本的旅行。)
4. tell + 某人 + how/what/when/where/why 等疑问词
表示“告诉某人……”。
- 例句:Can you tell me how to get there?(你能告诉我怎么到那里吗?)
二、常见固定搭配
固定搭配 | 含义 | 例句 |
tell a lie | 说谎 | He told a lie about his age.(他关于年龄说了谎。) |
tell the truth | 说实话 | Please tell the truth.(请说实话。) |
tell the difference | 区分 | Can you tell the difference between the two?(你能区分这两个吗?) |
tell time | 计时、报时 | My watch doesn’t tell time well.(我的手表不准。) |
tell off | 责备、训斥 | The teacher told him off for being late.(老师因为他迟到而责备了他。) |
tell on someone | 向别人告发某人 | She told on her brother for breaking the vase.(她告发了她哥哥打碎花瓶。) |
tell someone something | 告诉某人某事 | I’ll tell you a story.(我会给你讲个故事。) |
tell by | 通过……来判断 | You can tell by his face that he’s tired.(你从他的脸上可以看出他累了。) |
三、易混淆点
1. tell 和 say 的区别
- “say”后面接的是说话的内容,不带宾语;
- 例句:He said “I’m tired.”(他说:“我累了。”)
- “tell”后面必须带人或物作宾语;
- 例句:He told me “I’m tired.”(他告诉我:“我累了。”)
2. tell 和 speak 的区别
- “speak”强调“说话”这个动作,常用于“speak to someone”;
- 例句:She spoke to the manager.(她跟经理说了话。)
- “tell”则更侧重“传达信息”,常用于“tell someone something”。
四、总结
“Tell”是一个非常实用的动词,广泛用于日常交流中。掌握它的基本用法和固定搭配,有助于提高语言表达的准确性和自然度。建议多结合例句练习,并注意与“say”、“speak”等词的区别,避免误用。
表格总结:
用法类别 | 结构 | 说明 | 例子 |
基本用法 | tell + 人 + 事 | 告诉某人某事 | She told me a secret. |
基本用法 | tell + 人 + that + 句子 | 告诉某人…… | He told me that he was late. |
固定搭配 | tell a lie | 说谎 | He told a lie. |
固定搭配 | tell the truth | 说实话 | Tell the truth! |
固定搭配 | tell the difference | 区分 | Can you tell the difference? |
易混淆 | tell vs say | 不同结构 | He said “hello”; He told me “hello”. |
易混淆 | tell vs speak | 动作与内容 | She spoke to the teacher; He told her the news. |
希望这篇总结能帮助你更好地理解和运用“tell”这个动词!