【系动词后加什么】在英语语法中,系动词(linking verb)是连接主语和表语的动词,用来说明主语的状态、性质或身份。常见的系动词有:be(am, is, are, was, were)、seem、look、sound、feel、taste、smell、become、grow、turn、remain等。
掌握“系动词后加什么”这一问题,有助于我们更准确地理解句子结构和表达方式。下面将对常见的系动词及其后面可以接的内容进行总结,并以表格形式展示。
一、系动词后通常接什么?
1. 名词
表示主语的身份或角色。
例句:She is a teacher.(她是一名老师。)
2. 形容词
表示主语的性质或状态。
例句:He looks tired.(他看起来很累。)
3. 介词短语
表示位置、时间或其他关系。
例句:The book is on the table.(书在桌子上。)
4. 副词
表示主语的状态或动作方式。
例句:She seems very happy.(她似乎很开心。)
5. 动名词 / 动词不定式
表示主语的行为或意图。
例句:He became a doctor.(他成为了一名医生。)
6. 从句
表示主语的某种情况或状态。
例句:It seems that he is late.(看起来他迟到了。)
二、常见系动词及后接成分总结
系动词 | 后接成分类型 | 示例 |
be | 名词、形容词、介词短语、副词、动词不定式 | She is a student. / He is tall. / The cat is in the box. / She is running. |
seem | 形容词、副词、介词短语、从句 | He seems tired. / She seems to know the answer. |
look | 形容词、副词、介词短语 | He looks healthy. / The room looks clean. |
sound | 形容词、副词、从句 | The music sounds beautiful. / It sounds like rain. |
feel | 形容词、副词、介词短语 | I feel cold. / She feels sleepy. |
taste | 形容词 | The food tastes delicious. |
smell | 形容词、名词 | The flower smells sweet. / It smells like home. |
become | 名词、形容词、动词 | He became a doctor. / She became angry. |
grow | 形容词、名词 | He grew taller. / She grew up. |
turn | 形容词、名词 | The leaves turned red. / He turned into a monster. |
remain | 形容词、名词、介词短语 | He remained silent. / The problem remains unsolved. |
三、注意事项
- 系动词本身不表示动作,而是起到“连接”的作用。
- 系动词后的成分称为“表语”,用来描述主语的特征。
- 不同的系动词后可接的成分类型略有不同,需根据具体语境判断。
通过以上总结可以看出,“系动词后加什么”取决于具体的系动词以及句子想要表达的意思。掌握这些规则,有助于提高英语写作和口语表达的准确性与自然性。